澳大利亚吸引外资情况
2005年全年澳大利亚共吸引外资711亿澳元,外资注入总量累计达到12100亿澳元。
表4-1澳大利亚主要投资来源地及其总投资量
| Foreign
Investment in Australia ($ million) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Rank |
Country |
2001 |
2002 |
2003 |
2004 |
2005 |
| 1 |
United States of America |
229164 |
238687 |
285388 |
356985 |
325294 |
| 2 |
United Kingdom |
231699 |
253439 |
260733 |
277656 |
294693 |
| 3 |
International Capital Markets |
89988 |
94687 |
98373 |
107677 |
134017 |
| 4 |
Japan |
49794 |
49494 |
46401 |
49768 |
53329 |
| 5 |
Euro Bond Market |
34562 |
36256 |
36407 |
39173 |
40209 |
| 6 |
Hong Kong (SAR of China) |
31974 |
35568 |
27829 |
29363 |
31260 |
| 7 |
Netherlands |
15885 |
19037 |
22163 |
26176 |
29837 |
| 8 |
Belgium and Luxembourg |
11215 |
9192 |
13655 |
20407 |
28019 |
| 9 |
Switzerland incl Leichtenstein |
12612 |
19335 |
21285 |
21816 |
25079 |
| 10 |
Switzerland |
12524 |
n.p. |
21267 |
21799 |
25063 |
| 11 |
New Zealand |
17614 |
18487 |
19931 |
21068 |
24280 |
| 12 |
Belgium |
6917 |
6501 |
10457 |
16675 |
23090 |
| 13 |
Germany |
12387 |
14275 |
15737 |
17243 |
21099 |
| 14 |
Singapore |
39851 |
25139 |
22231 |
20260 |
19664 |
| 15 |
Europe n.e.s. |
9776 |
11125 |
10094 |
16828 |
15950 |
| |
Total all countries |
849741 |
906424 |
986999 |
1138972 |
1210042 |
美国和英国是澳大利亚最大的投资来源国,其对澳投资分别占澳吸引外资总量的27%和24%。其余主要投资来源地还包括日本(533亿澳元,4%);中国香港(313亿澳元,3%);荷兰(298亿澳元,3%);比利时和卢森堡(280亿澳元,2%)以及瑞士(251亿澳元,2%)。中国对澳总投资为22.75亿澳元,为澳第18大投资来源地。
从国际组织来看,经合组织国家(OECD)是澳大利亚最大的投资来源属地,占外资对澳投资的69.5%;亚太经合组织国家(APEC)对澳投资占其吸引外资总量的40%。
从外资行业分布来看,澳大利亚吸引外国直接投资最多的行业分别为采矿业、制造业、批发、零售业和金融业。
表5.1 外国对澳直接投资行业分布
| Industry |
2001 |
2002 |
2003 |
2004 |
2005 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
| Mining |
36,784 |
40,339 |
45,336 |
45,520 |
59,200 |
| Manufacturing |
66,188 |
66,140 |
73,870 |
129,354 |
54,202 |
| Wholesale & Retail trade |
25,652 |
40,737 |
41,399 |
45,845 |
48,240 |
| Finance and insurance |
29,929 |
33,754 |
34,105 |
36,174 |
40,573 |
| Transport & Communication |
22,283 |
23,344 |
26,299 |
26,005 |
26,422 |
| Property and business services |
16,898 |
20,960 |
20,317 |
19,267 |
19,405 |
| Electricity, gas and water |
9,316 |
10,720 |
9,070 |
7,860 |
8,579 |
| Construction |
3,473 |
4,172 |
5,415 |
5,539 |
6,700 |
| Other Services |
1,735 |
2,022 |
2,594 |
2,556 |
2,336 |
| Accommodation, cafes and
restaurants |
2,995 |
3,351 |
3,206 |
2,004 |
1,323 |
| Agriculture, forestry and
fishing |
1,169 |
1,135 |
1,354 |
1,078 |
977 |
| Unallocated |
2,417 |
2,595 |
1,595 |
11,462 |
13,165 |
| Total |
218,839 |
249,269 |
264,560 |
332,664 |
281,121 |
澳大利亚对外投资情况
截至2005年年底,澳大利亚累计对外投资6802亿澳元,其中05年新增投资量217亿澳元。与投资来源国集中度相似,澳大利亚对外投资主要集中在经和组织国家(OECD),占其对外总投资的84.8%。前五大投资目的国分别是:美国、英国、新西兰、日本和荷兰。
表5.2 2005年澳大利亚前十大投资目的国及其总投资量表
| Country |
2001 |
2002 |
2003 |
2004 |
2005 |
| United States of America |
-220635 |
-207596 |
-230784 |
-278428 |
-290974 |
| United Kingdom |
-75263 |
-93280 |
-94953 |
-120574 |
-96132 |
| New Zealand |
-27119 |
-33143 |
-40768 |
-45198 |
-58862 |
| Japan |
-25562 |
-20119 |
-21749 |
-24148 |
-31597 |
| Netherlands |
-15290 |
-14695 |
-15880 |
-20337 |
-25788 |
| Germany |
-8496 |
-8513 |
-10216 |
-14271 |
-17021 |
| France (incl Monaco and
Andorra) |
-6800 |
-7627 |
-11556 |
-13596 |
-14916 |
| Canada |
-7197 |
-6196 |
-6180 |
-6477 |
-11452 |
| Hong Kong (SAR of China) |
-12534 |
-12988 |
-13623 |
-12698 |
-10288 |
| Singapore |
-10415 |
-13536 |
-13079 |
-16014 |
-9014 |
从行业分布来看,澳大利亚企业对外投资以制造业最多,占其多外投资总量的43.8%;第二大投资热点为金融和保险业,占总量的35.7%。具体情况请见下表。
表5.3 澳大利亚对外投资行业分布表(单位:百万澳元)
| Industry |
2001 |
2002 |
2003 |
2004 |
2005 |
| Agriculture, forestry and
fishing |
n.p. |
-41 |
n.p. |
n.p. |
n.p. |
| Mining |
-8,907 |
-7,356 |
-6,293 |
-5,675 |
-10,217 |
| Manufacturing |
-126,871 |
-111,280 |
-126,516 |
-156,458 |
-105,838 |
| Electricity, gas and water |
-1,162 |
n.p. |
n.p. |
n.p. |
n.p. |
| Construction |
-5,614 |
-4,135 |
-3,852 |
-5,349 |
-5,894 |
| Wholesale &Retail Trade |
-5,543 |
-5,455 |
-6,410 |
-5,996 |
-5,623 |
| Accommodation, cafes and
restaurants |
n.p. |
n.p. |
-9 |
n.p. |
n.p. |
| Transport and Communication |
-15,505 |
-8,024 |
-10,053 |
-12,218 |
-13,723 |
| Finance and insurance |
-47,984 |
-52,338 |
-57,681 |
-66,914 |
-86,310 |
| Property and business services |
-1,434 |
-1,514 |
-1,921 |
-3,129 |
-4,647 |
| Other Services |
-1,385 |
-1,490 |
-1,740 |
-2,322 |
-3,033 |
| Unallocated |
-207 |
-10,116 |
-435 |
-963 |
-1,519 |
| Total |
-214,654 |
-202,911 |
-215,849 |
-262,127 |
-241,437 |